Photosynthesis Essays (190 words) - Photosynthesis, Light Reactions

Photosynthesis Photosynthesis occurs in 3 main stages: energy is captured from sunlight, then it's converted into chemical energy and stored in organic molecules. Photosystems are light harvesting units of the thylakoid membrane. Each photosystem has four hundred pigment molecules. A photon hits the pigment molecules and travels through each molecule and then reaches the reaction center as shown in figure 1-1. The thylakoid membrane has two photosystems, photosystem 1 & 2. The reaction center in photosystem 1 is called P700 because this pigment is best at absorbing 700 mm light. Photosystem 2's reaction center is called P680 because it is best at absorbing 680 mm light. Calvin Cycle The Calvin cycle begins by incorporating Co2 from the air into molecules in the chloroplast. This action is called carbon fixation. The next thing it does is add electrons to the fixed carbon to make it carbohydrate. The power of the Calvin cycle comes from NADPH. The Calvin cycle also needs energy from ATP, which is generated by light reactions. This is reaction is called "dark reactions" because it does not directly need light to work. So basically all the Calvin cycle does is make sugar with out light but with help from ATP & NADPH.

Colorado invasive species

Colorado invasive species Colorado invasive species projectIn nature a non-native species is one who does naturally occur in a given area. But an evasive species is spread widely in a habitat or an environment, but is not necessarily a non-native species. The impact of non-native species have been huge, both beneficial and hurtful but in the long run, mostly hurtful. Benefits of a non-native species are like when horses were introduced into North America. The horses played such a big part in the colonization of the United States we almost couldn't be here without them. Negatives will rule out the positives though, when inserted into a native food chain like a Fire Ant into Texas, it can throw off the flow of nutrients in that ecosystem. The Fire Ant which is lower in the chain would be harmful to the animals higher in the chain like the Horned Lizard. Although the lizard has a somewhat large preferred prey it is unpalatable for the lizard, and thus has no ants to eat.Photographed by Daniel Case 2006-06-10 at the Purd...Non-native plants (like weeds) also have a very big impact overwhelming the native plants and taking over their space, nutrients and water. Managing non-native species is the worst part of it all. These few organisms can cost the USA $137 Billion Annually! Even in 1989 just in Colorado the cost to the wheat farmers was over $24 million. Ways that these organisms can be controlled are biological, ecological, and legislative all of which we are able to do. Biological is a way in which there is a natural enemy introduced. This is normally used when that species has become very dense over an area. It can be a very economical and natural way to do control that species but sometimes it cannot work because of it going after the non-targeted species...

A New Joe on the Block

He needs to understand what makes a coffee shop popular in United States c. Joe needs to know the coffee consumption pattern in United States. 2. What are the deliverables that an outside researcher should produce to help Joe with the Key decision? An outside researcher should be able to provide enough information through descriptive research about key problems faced by his client, â€Å"Joe†. The result should have information like right location for coffee shops; commercial areas might be more suitable for coffee shops than residential areas. Also what affects the popularity of coffee shop, whether it is the brand, services, price, products, consumer behavior and to what extent these variables have on the popularity of the coffee shops, and lastly, how often people consume coffee and what affects their consumption habits. 3. How relevant are the coffee taste studies cited above? Explain. Each study is relevant in its own way. The first two studies compared the four brands with different outcome. The study that surveyed 100 consumers form a small organics shop provides some insight into the behavior of some adamant coffee drinkers, part of which can be used in understanding the attributes of popular coffee shops. The other studies show different opinion about coffee taste preferences from different locations. All these can provide some kind of understanding about the competitor’s landscape. 4. What flaws in the coffee taste studies should Joe consider in trying to weigh the merits of their results? The flaw in the first two taste studies is that the conclusions are based on opinion of single person and not a random sample that could reflect consistent pattern among the target consumers. Research based on a single person is not as strong as it would be if it were to be based on more of the target population. The taste studies also reviewed a sample of 100 people from an organic shop, which isn’t the market Joe would be targeting for his coffee shop. 5. Briefly relate this situation to each of the major stages of the marketing research process. If Joe wants to conduct a business research, firstly he needs the objective in this case that would be what kind of coffee people in United States like and which is the best possible place for his coffee shop. Then he needs to plan a research design and a sample study. Collecting and analyzing the data comes next. Surveying would be the most appropriate in this case. After analyzing the data Joe or his researcher can produce a report to conclude the study. 6. Try to do a quick search to explore the question â€Å" are american consumer preference the same all across the United States ? Search in the internet shows that Americans choice of coffee is not much different than one another. It may differ a little in terms of place but most of them go for instant coffee and majority of coffee-drinking Americans go for franchaise coffee shop and are loyal to them. The biggest franchaise in America are Dunkin’ Donuts, Starbucks, Mcdonalds. 11% of American adults go to Dunkin’ Donuts. Where as 13% of American adults go to Starbucks. 7. Would it be better for Joe to do the research himself or have a consultant perform the work? From the report of the research Joe will decide where to open a coffee shop, what kind of coffee he should produce and where to produce. I believe a hiring a specialist is much more suitable option in this situation. 8. If a consultant comes in to do the job, what are three key deliverables that would likely be important to Joe in making a decision to launch the Cup of Joe coffee shop? The three deliverables Joe is looking from his hired consultant would be; which place would be best for his coffee shop, what makes a coffee shop successful and which combination of price and quality most people in that region like most.

Scientific advances on Cloning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Scientific advances on Cloning - Research Paper Example Some have suggested that the â€Å"fear of the unknown† aspect of cloning mammals, though understandable, is largely unfounded. The potential benefits are numerous and outweigh the concerns brought forth by those who don’t fully understand the process or implications of cloning. Laws and regulations related to this new science will be implemented to address the ethical implications but it’s impossible to stop scientific exploration. The birth of Dolly the sheep represents the birth of a new, exciting scientific method that will change the course of medical history for the better. The Scottish scientist Ian Wilmut of the Roslin Institute, along with his colleagues, announced on February 23, 1996 they had cloned a sheep by using a ground-technique. The method involved transplanting genetic matter from an adult sheep into a hollowed-out egg, an egg that had its nucleus removed. â€Å"The researchers fused the adult udder cell with an (egg) that was ready to be fertilized, but taken from a different sheep. The scientists had previously removed the nucleus from the (egg) using an electrical current to fuse it with the udder cell.† (Barnes, 2012). This sequence instigated cell division. The resulting embryo was then implanted into another sheep who acted as the surrogate-mother. The secret to this method’s success was making the nucleus of the donor’s udder cell â€Å"silent† so it would quit performing as it was originally intended and then reprogrammed it to act as an embryonic cell. That embryo would become Dolly; a sheep with three â€Å"mothers† involved but only related biologically to the one that donated an udder cell. Dolly shared all of the udder donor’s chromosomes but none of the host egg cell’s chromosomes. Consequently, Dolly is an exact genetic reproduction of the donor-cell sheep. Previous cloning experiments that used

The struggle for equality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

The struggle for equality - Essay Example Civil rights are freedoms and rights guaranteed to a member of a community, state, or nation. Freedom of speech, of the press, religion, and of fair and equal treatment are the basic civil rights. The constitution of the United States contains a Bill of Rights that describes simple liberties and rights insured to every person in the United States. Although the Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the Constitution, civil rights were not always respected to all human beings, especially blacks. When the Constitution was first written, many Americans understood the meaning of the famous inscripture â€Å"all men are created equal† to mean that all white males were created equal, likewise with other civil rights guarantees as well. As a result, blacks were enslaved and persecuted throughout the late 1700's and early 1800's.After the end of Civil War the Constitution was amended to give former slaves freedom and the rights of citizens. This passing of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to Constitution were supposed to give the African-Americans equal protection under the law. They were also intended to give the new citizens the right to vote. During the 1850's abolitionists in the North questioned the morality of southern slavery by writing and preaching about the rights blacks were denied. Abolitionists such as William Lloyd Garrison, Fredrick Douglass, and Sojourner Truth, paved the way for the first civil rights movement that occurred after the Civil War, during Reconstruction. ... segregated societies, separating themselves from blacks in every humanly way possible. The old Jim Crow laws governed all aspects of their existence, from the schoolroom to the restroom. Southern blacks faced new discrimination every day whether it be economically, socially, or politically. America was destined for another, more far- reaching civil rights movement. The civil rights movement during the late 1800's and early 1900's provided the foundations for the current civil rights laws achieved throughout the 1960's. Black Americans made significant gains in their struggle for equal rights during Reconstruction, the 12-year period after the Civil War. In 1868, after southern president Andrew Johnson vetoed a Civil Rights bill, the radically republican influenced congress transported the principals of the Civil Rights bill to the 14th Amendment. The 14th Amendment conferred civil rights and citizenship for all former slaves, and was incorporated into the requirements for a southern state to regain its statehood. After the 14th Amendment was passed; however, the radical faction of congress was disappointed that it did not grant blacks the right to vote. When the fear that southern states might amend their constitutions so as to withdraw blacks from the ballot was recognized by moderate Republicans, Congress formally placed the ballot in the hands of blacks with the 15th Amendment, passed in 1869. With the passing of breakthrough legislation, several leaders emerged to lead this new civil rights movement. Ex-slave, Booker T. Washington put his newly acquired freedom to use when he started a black industrial school at Tuskegee, Alabama. He taught his students useful trades so they could

Association football and soccer Essay Example for Free

Association football and soccer Essay Soccer is the world’s most popular sport. It is the national sport of most European and Latin-American countries and many other nations. Millions of people in more than 140 countries play soccer. Soccer is one of the most famous international sports. There are three distinct reasons that soccer is so widely popular. I- Soccer is a relatively easy game to learn and play. II- It provides many physical benefits and III- Has the ability to benefit cultures by bringing countries together. I- Soccer is an easy game to learn. Many children start to play the game around the age of three. Actually, as soon as most kids learn to walk they learn to kick a ball around which is a key component of soccer. Very little equipment is needed to play soccer. This adds to its accessibility to the masses. All that is needed to play the game of soccer is a soccer ball, shin guards, and goalie equipment. A soccer game may be played either indoors or outside. It is played on a rectangular field with a goal net on each short side of the field. A soccer team is comprised of 11 players. All players must hit the ball with their feet or body and only the goalie is allowed to touch the ball with his or her hands. A soccer game begins with a kick off en the center of the field. A coin is flipped to decide which team will kickoff. The other team kicks of at the start of the second half. At this time the teams also switch sides or nets. After a team scores the other team gets to kickoff to begin play again. The kickoff takes place in the middle of the field. When the ball is kicked it must travel the circumference of the ball and touch another player before the kicker can touch the ball again. After the ball is in play it remains in play unless it crosses a goal line or a touch line. All players attempt to stop the ball from coming in there zone while at the same time trying to score a goal. A player may kick the ball into the net with any part of the body except the hands and arms. If the ball goes out of bounds the play is restarted with a corner kick, a goal kick, or a throw-in. The referee decides what type to use. If the ball crosses the goal line and the defensive team touched it last then there is a corner kick by the offense. If the offense touches the ball last and crosses the goal line then it is a goal kick. A throw in happens when the ball crosses the touch line. When it crosses the touch line the team that did not touch it last throws the ball in bounds. The ball is thrown over their head with two hands. Fouls are called when a player does not obey the rules and acts unsportsmanlike. When a foul is called the opposite team receives a either a penalty kick, a direct free kick or and indirect free kick. Although, it may sound complex, very young children are able to learn the game quite easily. II- Soccer is a good sport to play if you like to stay physically fit. There are many exercises that are required for the soccer player to be at their peak performance. Exercises that strengthen your legs and improve flexibility are ideal. Physical conditioning is important if you plan on being good at soccer. Here are five important exercises I will discuss that are ideal for soccer: 1. Running: running helps to improve cardiovascular fitness. In soccer there is lots of running for the ball so endurance and a speed is a must. 2. Leg Extension: using weights can help strengthen the legs. Using weights makes you kick harder and makes the ball travel farther; as a result you become a better player. 3. Leg Machines: exercising all muscles in the leg makes you kick harder and prevents injury when you are diving all over for the ball. The strong muscles help prevent injuries. 4. Stretching: stretching allows you to be more flexible. Sometimes soccer players need to kick the ball in the most awkward positions. Flexibly helps the player to kick the ball in those positions more effectively. 5. Weight Training: all around weight training makes a soccer player even better. A stronger body helps prevent injury and improve all around performance. Practice helps the soccer player become more skillful and physically fit. Soccer drills like dribbling the ball and head butting add to a players endurance and physical agility. Soccer can be a very demanding sport. A players strength, flexibility, and overall physical condition is put to the test. Soccer players are able to stay healthy, strong, and obtain â€Å"life long† fitness due to their preparation and participation in the game. Another added benefit is the stress relief that is found in participating in a strenuous sport such as soccer. III- Lastly, soccer has the ability to be a great unifier. Soccer can be a unifier of countries, their people, and spirit. In every society and culture, there are many things in common and many differences but there is one thing that links us all. The link is the world of sports. Sports are a way of life in many nations and cultures. There are many types of sports, but there is one sport that is known in every corner of the world. This sport is soccer. Soccer is a sport that is played in every continent in the world; it is the one and only sport without borders. Millions of people watch soccer, which is why people know other cultures. I am from Pakistan. Our national game is field hockey, but everybody prefers to watch cricket. I remember in the year 1992 when Pakistan won the first and only world cup of cricket. Everybody praised the team because they were the heroes of the nation. After two years, in 1994, Pakistan had four world cups in four different sports: field hockey, cricket, snooker and squash. After that, Pakistan never won another world cup in any sport till now. In the 1999 cricket world cup final Pakistan suffered a humiliating defeat by the Australians that disheartened the people. After a bad 2003 world cup performance, Pakistanis took less interest in cricket and took more interest in soccer. Now days most people prefer to watch soccer, even though Pakistan does not have a soccer team that plays an international game. Why do I like soccer? The main reason is the passion and the thrill of the game. Millions of soccer fans like me like soccer because of tactics: how the player tackles ball, how they make moves, how they use skills. The more skillful the soccer player the better. That’s my life experience. Now I watch soccer more than cricket. It takes less time to watch and it is an interesting game. My cousins and friends are also fans of soccer. We are all fans of different teams and players. We all watch mostly European Leagues such as English Premier League, UEFA Cup etc. Why those leagues? We prefer these leagues because the clubs pay high prices to buy world class players to play for the clubs. Those leagues play every year. We have a craze for soccer. When we watch games how we support the team or players we like, wearing the shirts, shouting and even praying for them. Soccer has the ability to unify  us as a people, to unify our hearts and minds. When I was over there, and even here, when I talk to someone we always talk about soccer. My opinion is that soccer affects the Pakistani culture very much. How does soccer affect the culture of the United States? Outside the United States and Canada the game of soccer is called football. Soccer is very popular among American youth and has the most professional players out of any nation in the world. Chuck Klosterman in â€Å"George Will vs Nick Hornby† writes â€Å"Soccer will soon become part of the fabric of this country and will be as popular as any other game here. † â€Å"According to the Soccer Industry Council of America, soccer is the No. 1 youth participation sport in USA. There are more than 3. 6 million players under the age of nineteen registered to play and that number has been expanding at over 8 percent a year since 1900†. Those are going to be a fans, players, referees, coaches etc. for the future of United States Soccer. His favor is a critic. Klosterman criticizes soccer in â€Å"George Will vs Nick Horby. † He says we will never care about soccer in United States because soccer is inherently un-American, is it Outcast Culture. He also mentions is most that children do not love soccer. Most youth soccer players end up joining the debate team before they turn fifteen. Youth do not like soccer the way it is played. He compares soccer with baseball. Baseball is most common sport played by youths. He wonders why we care that soccer is the most popular game on the earth and is played by millions of people. To love soccer is to say you believe in enforced equality more than you believe in the value of competition and the capacity of the human spirit. I disagree with his criticism of soccer because most people like soccer. Why did the soccer star David Beckham come here to teach soccer? Why does America have a soccer team play in almost every World Cup? I agree that soccer is not as common as other games, but still people play soccer here. In fact, the biggest reason for soccers failure in the United States is that it doesnt conform easily to the demands of television. The reason soccer isnt as popular in the US is not because it isnt physical enough. I play and I know for certain that it is, and I used to live in US. I just recently moved to Pakistan in Asia. I used to watch soccer all the time, of course it was international soccer, but I watched it on ESPN sports. Soccer hasnt reached its peak in the US, to be frank. I see people beginning to take interest in it. Of course, the most unrecognized form of soccer is womens soccer, but that is a different subject all together. The reason is because the major US sports Baseball, Football (Rugby) , Basketball seasons take up the entire year. I think there may be 1-2 days in a year where none of the sports is played. Also, the major sports cover everything that soccer does, scoring in a net NBA, physical roughness NFL Football, hitting an object MLB. The major US sports had already established themselves in the US, so there is not really a good entry point for soccer. In conclusion, you can see that I am crazy about soccer. It is a sport that is very easy to learn and takes very little money to participate in. It is a sport that can easily get a person into top physical shape and develop â€Å"life long† fitness. But most importantly, it is a sport that allows many countries to become unified through their love of the game. That is why I love soccer.

Confucianism - Filial Piety in Chinese Religion Essay -- Philosophy Es

Filial Piety in Chinese Religion Filial piety was an integral part of Chinese culture and therefore was embraced by three of China's main religions: Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism. Among the three, Confucianism, with its well documented social hierarchy, supported the ideals of filial piety the most. Buddhism and Daoism also supported filial piety in some of their texts, but had monastic systems that prevented monks and nuns from being filial children. The term filial piety refers to the extreme respect that Chinese children are supposed to show their parents. It involves many different things including taking care of the parents, burying them properly after death, bringing honor to the family, and having a male heir to carry on the family name (Brians 1). Practicing these ideals is a very important part of Chinese culture. Therefore, one would expect that filial piety would be incorporated into the major religions of China as it has been. The ideal of respecting and behaving properly towards one's parents fits perfectly with Confucianism's ideal of respecting and behaving properly towards all elders. Confucius himself addressed the subject in the Analects: When your father is alive observe his intentions. When he is deceased, model yourself on the memory of his behavior. If in three years after his death you have not deviated from your father's ways, then you may be considered a filial child. ("Confucian Teachings" 20). According to Confucius, respect to one's father while he is alive is a given -- something that even animals do. But, to be a filial child, one must respect his parents even after their death. Confucius goes on to cite further specific examples of what a filial son should do for his parents. Am... ...oist monk can not be a filial son. Works Cited Brians, Paul. "Examples of Filial Piety." 1998. Washington State Univ. 23 Feb 2003. Brians, Paul. "Examples of Filial Piety." 1998. Washington State Univ. 23 Feb 2003. <http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~wldciv/world_civ_reader/world_civ_reader_1/filial.html> Hallisey, Charles. "Auspicious Things." Religions of Asia in Practice. Ed. Donald S. Lopez, Jr. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 2002. 237-251. "Book of Rewards and Punishments." Chinese Civilization: A Sourcebook. Ed. Patricia Buckley Ebrey. New York: The Free Press, 1993. 142-145. "Confucian Teachings." Chinese Civilization: A Sourcebook. Ed. Patricia Buckley Ebrey. New York: The Free Press, 1993. 17-26. "Precepts of the Perfect Truth Daoist Sect." Chinese Civilization: A Sourcebook. Ed. Patricia Buckley Ebrey. New York: The Free Press, 1993. 146-150.

Internet Regulation in Contemporary China Essay

China has continued to experience great difficulty in trying to regulate internet use in the country, which has continued to have its share of socioeconomic implications. The Chinese government has an economic environment which is so liberal and the internet comes in handy in playing a big role in the development strategy, particularly in the communication sector. The country is geared to use the internet to boost the country’s economic growth by installing advanced technological networks to linkup with other markets across the world. The number of internet users has grown so fast since the strategy was embraced; moving to 210 million in 2007 from 0. 62 million ten years earlier (1997). Furthermore, the country has 1. 5 million websites and is currently the world’s number two in internet use (Zhao, p. 37). With this fact, it has become a national concern to control the use of internet technology due to the numerous challenges that accompany it, especially its effect on the political and social arena. The country is therefore focused on drawing up rules and regulations to control internet use to help counter the negative resultant effects. This paper will look at the steps that the Chinese government is taking in trying to regulate the internet use, the outcome of the strategy and how the steps are perceived by its proponents and opponents alike. Internet Regulation in Contemporary China China put in place the first set of internet regulations in 1996 and continued to update the rules in the other subsequent years, the laws were amended to make tighter internet access and give the government more control over its use. It was discovered that through the internet, scamming activities, rumor mongering, defamation, incitements and other cyber criminal activities were becoming more prevalent. The legislation of the laws was therefore meant to administer controls and minimize the effects of this misuse which was compromising economic growth. China has established twelve agencies charged with the duty of censuring the internet; some of these include the State Secrecy Bureau (SSB), Central Propaganda Department (CPD), State Administration of Radio, Film and Television (SARFT), The Judiciary and GAPP (General Administration of Press and Publication). The steps that the government has taken to regulate the internet use have managed to achieve a compromise point (though not very stable) between giving the nation economic boost and at the same time shield it from harmful influences on the society. There is however some tension in effecting these policies as it involves being more pragmatic and administer restrictions over the news media curtailing freedom of speech. (Zhao, p. 37). Too much censorship of the internet has its share of socioeconomic implications and little of it might present quite a challenge that may result to uncalled for strive. Topping the agency’s list in regulating internet content are the SCIO (State Council Information Office) and MII (Ministry of Information Industry). These organizations are charged with the duty of restricting the very operations of domestic websites. Any indication of possible flouting of the regulations and legal requirements on the expected conduct of website owners is met with severe penalties ranging from imposition of fines up to total ban. Websites that target politicians and other historical figurers in China had earlier faced such bans, this also include those that would be classified as extreme satire. Through the help of SARFT, the Chinese government has put in place regulations to monitor the content of online videos before they are authorized for release to the public† (Zhao, p. 38). This move is just a part of the wider campaign to control the internet content and it has gone a long way in sieving internet content. Positive effects that made internet advocates push for limited restrictions include and not limited to, public enlightenment with worldly information and the comical part because of its help to ease work pressure. In 2004, SARFT Documented a regulation which held it that before any network developer commenced on the publication of his/her content, the firm must receive an official network license in audio and video form to allowing it send its programs to the internet (Zhao, p. 39). But despite the restrictions that the Chinese government has placed on the internet use, a unanimous internet control is far from being achieved. The internet culture presents a scenario that is very difficult to deal with due to its complex nature. The number of internet users in China is so massive such that the government finds it untenable to monitor every information inflow and outflow across the net. Another problem comes in because of the lack of universal laws governing global internet use. Chinese internet regulatory rules can not be applied across the boarders and therefore some contents which are considered illegal in China might find their way into the country, yet China has no control over the move (Zhao, p. 40). This therefore calls for international jurisdiction to apply to internet information flow. Absence of such regulations makes it practically impossible to make the local law effective, hence overrules every decision made on internet content control. Finally, the pace by which the world is gaining control and convergence of technology is so fast such that the Chinese government is finding it close to impossible to revise its regulations to keep pace with such developments. The government of China has redesigned the structure of the media in such a way that it acts just like an integral part of the CCP (Chinese Communist Party). The CCP therefore uses the media to run their private affairs like organizing programs, giving directives and implementing their policies. The regulations also call for adherence of the party’s principles and codes of conduct and their press policies. The government has changed the operating principles of the media using the internet regulatory steps to such an extent that the media has now been hijacked and revolutionized into what can be seen as a government cheerleader and mouthpiece used in social modernization and as an instrument to spearhead economic development agendas (Zhao, p. 40). The government is so much focused in making the entire media industry in the country managed according to the principles of the party leadership. The Chinese government is so focused in tightening the rules on the internet use and this move is seen as denying the press the freedom of expression and at the same time locking out the public from enjoying the right of information. These two are meant to be fundamental human rights in any democratic nation. But the Chinese government claims that giving the public unlimited freedom to express every opinion they have will result to political and social instability. Since the internet has sources emanating from every corner of the world, it offers opportunities for individuals to express their feelings and opinions on every topic without fear of intimidation. The internet has literally no restrictions on the content that can be accessed by any interested party and owing to its complex nature, one can not stop but wander if the Chinese government will ever be successful in gagging the media and barring the flow of information across the internet. It is hard to believe that the nation has even the faintest hope of someday being in full control of the content of information leaving and accessing the country. The proliferation and the hi-tech technology that the internet comes with, presents the public with an opportunity to share their opinion with the wider world across the boarders†¦the Chinese has an up-hill task if it thinks it will wholly and single handedly manipulate information flow. Chinese government policies makers have for that reason remained proactive due to the complex architectural landscape that the internet is creating† (Zhao, p. 41). The government security forces are turning information service providers into detectives, by directing them to filter out any information that they feel is undesirable before it leaks to the public. The government despite its efforts has achieved little, the Chinese community despite the sanctions is still getting access to cyber discussions and making their opinions b e known world over without obtaining the government’s nod. This shows how impossible it is to crackdown on online access. While proponents of free information flow are drumming support for the unlimited use of the internet, stating that every person should not be barred from seeking to know anything he or she desires; there are a lot of social and economic tensions that accompany liberalization and decentralization of the internet. That is why the government has relentlessly focused in controlling the internet and sifting its contents before it reaches the public. Striking a balance between content control and being flexible is hard and imperative, there are continuous adjustments in the internet and the rules therefore need to be equally adjusted if the nation wants to keep pace with the dynamics of the internet. All having been said and done, many people hold a common feeling that the internet with its advantages and disadvantages should not be treated as if they are social and political defects which need to be fixed to stabilize a nation, but instead every nation; China included, should appreciate the benefits that openness bring. With an open society individuals are able to express their appreciation, gratitude, un-satisfaction and displeasure to the state, all which are healthy for and recipe for innovation as well as economic development and political freedom. Conclusion From the facts presented in this paper, it has been established that there are conflicting interests on what should be done with the increasing case of internet use. While it is vital to harmonize globalization effect with the rest of the world, it is the hub of rumor mongering and a platform to spread hate messages that can in turn result to acrimonious activities. It is therefore logical to find a compromise point between these two extremities and address the issue amicable. Stringent rules on the internet amounts to denial of the freedom of speech and right of information. It is true that control should be administered on the internet content, because of numerous cases of cyber crime that goes undetected online. Several sites that bring ill mannered individuals together with an intention of causing harm to others are present online. Therefore, the Chinese government is just right by drawing some rules to guide this cause. The fault of the security forces and the government officials is in cases where they are trying to revolutionize media into their own mouthpiece. The media should be left to operate independently with only stated principles to follow. Since China is not able to counter the negative effects of the internet alone, all the other countries have to be brought on board so that universal rules can be drawn to regulate internet use worldwide. If this is done, websites with offensive contents will never find place anywhere in any country as the rules will be applicable to each nation; sovereign or not. If the universal laws are adopted, China will never again lock out its citizens from enjoying internet services without limits and for that effect the burden to control internet content will not be left alone to China as a nation but will rest on every nation. China will therefore develop into a more open marketed nation and on human rights, it will be regard as more democratic as before.

Can Brazil Become a Global Competitor in the Information

Their IT out sourcing sector is small relative to Indian's. The theory about International trade states that the differences In endowment factors of production, levels of technology that determine the factor Intensities used, efficiencies with which these factor Intensities re utilized, and foreign exchange rates. Ball, Greener and Magnet) International Investment theories talk about comparative advantage and competitive advantages. An example of a comparative advantage between the united States and Brazil would be how the US has an advantage in computers, while Brazil has an advantage in shoes. The information technology service industry has expanded rapidly. Many companies worldwide have made the decision to outsource this industry to offshore companies. Worldwide demand has increased growth to forty to fifty percent on an annual compounded rate basis.Although Brazil has made substantial progress in reducing traditional border trade barriers (tariffs, import licensing, etc. ), tari ff rates in many areas remain high and continue to favor locally produced products. Brazier's barriers to trade are a cause for concern for the US Government and the European Union (ELI), both of whom continue to work through regional trade accord negotiations and at the WTFO level to influence tariff and non-tariff barriers. This report touches upon a broad range of trade regulations that may affect US companies seeking to export to Brazil.

Jackie Robinsons Impact on a Cruel Society Professor Ramos Blog

Jackie Robinsons Impact on a Cruel Society Jackie Robinson, the first Black man to play in the MLB was such a big part of American History. He highly influenced so many people especially white people (who were extremely racist at the time). As a kid Jackie and his family were constantly getting treated terribly because of his race and he certainly learned how to deal with the criticism, and it only made him stronger and it prepared him later on in life with his career. Jackie united America through the use of sports, which America found tremendously inspiring. Playing sports consisted of teamwork, being united, helping and encouraging each other to do our best, so when everyone started to notice how Jackie Robinson was there for his team even after all the hardships they put him through, they respected him as well as other people of color so much more and made a huge impact on the cruel racist society.                                                                                        Robinsons Early Life Jackie Robinson was born in Georgia the year of 1919. When his father left him and his family at only 6 months old, his mother was forced to move to Pasadena, California in a white based neighborhood(Maury). They grew up in poverty and in a place where society was very ruthless towards African Americans. Jackie Robinsons mother worked various jobs as a single parent in order to support herself and her children. While living in a white neighborhood Robinson’s mother encountered a series of events with people who were extremely racist towards her and her family. Growing up as a child Jackie Robinson was highly influenced by his mother , because of the way she carried herself when dealing with racial discrimination. Robinson’s mother was a very strong and independent women even through all the obstacles she has ran into because of racism. As a teen, Jackie Robinson was involved in several sports at a varsity level and was the first athlete at UCLA to earn varsity letters i n all of four sports he played in college(Maury). Although he was extremely talented at many of these sports he was discouraged by the fact that so many African Americans that he knew with a college degree weren’t able to find a job due to the extreme racial society. Unmotivated by the fact that he came to believe that due to racism he was not going to be able to succeed in school and he dropped out of college and decided to find another job to help his family financially. Between all this, Jackie was playing baseball on the side, he didn’t take it serious it was more of something he was doing for fun, little did he know that he was going to be playing with an All white MLB team.                                                                                          Robinsons Career Before Jackie Robinson had entered the MLB, he was playing for an baseball league that was specifically for African Americans called a negro league team where, Branch Rickey, [who was the president of the Brooklyn dodgers], sent out scouts to look for a perfect candidate to draft into the MLB† (Gates). Although there were better players in the negro league, the scouts had their eyes on Jackie Robinson because of the way he carried himself during the games, he gave this impression of being unbothered by what other people had to say about him because he was very self motivated which was exactly what they needed. Eventually Rickey had Offered Jackie Robinson a chance to play in the MLB with an all white team. â€Å"In October 1945, the Brooklyn Dodgers had announced that Jackie Robinson was officially signed to their team†(Gates). It’s insane to even think about a black man playing in the all white MLB Team, all this happening right after WW2 and just a decade before Martin Luther King, Jackie Robinson was up for making history. In order to prepare Jackie Robinson for the MLB Rickey sent Robinson to play for a minor league team, the Montreal Royals. Jackies first game with the Royals was played in April 1946, throughout his first game many people shouted out racial things but Jackie did not let it get to him(Nack). â€Å"The Royals won their first game with Robinson, Robinson making 4 hits and 1 home run†(Nack). Robinson had started his baseball career great and because he had such a successful season he got promoted to officially start playing for the Brooklyn Dodgers. During the process of drafting Jackie Robinson, Rickey knew it was going to be a difficult journey for Robinson, but Rickey knew that Robinson would be able to handle the struggle of the racial discrimination, because the first impression he had got when scouts seen him playing for a negro league. Rickey had seen extreme braveness in Robinson when he took the offer to pla y in the all white MLB team, because during this time frame racial discrimination was highly intense for every African American. That following year in April 1947, Jackie Robinson finally made it on the major league team with the Brooklyn Dodgers, breaking the color barrier (www.biography.com/people/Jackie-Robinson-9460813). It opened so many peoples eyes of all ethnicities, many white people even started to join civil rights movement because of it. Throughout Robinson’s first season was the most intensified, it had gotten so awful that Robinson would get kicked out of stadiums during his own baseball games. Traveling as a team was even worse, the entire team was not welcomed to certain places only because they had a teammate African American on the team (Gates). During games Robinson would get harassed and yelled at, he found himself having a hard time coping with the harsh racial comments and discrimination. People didnt care at all for anyone who was African American and i t was a very stressful situation for Jackie Robinson to be the only African American on an all white baseball team, but he pushed through it and showed everyone all the good things that can happen when uniting together not only in sports but in many other aspects in life for the future.                                                                                          Robinsons Impact Jackie Robinson made a huge impact for all athletes and for America which was extremely segregated at the time. Jackie Robinsons being the first black man in an all white MLB team was one of the most challenging things that could ever happen at that time. There were so many people in this country who did not want African Americans to even be near them, sadly, society was so brutal towards African Americans. Robinson dealt with racism throughout his whole life, as a kid, and as an adult. Dealing with furious Dodger fans, uncooperative teammates and many white people who had so much control over African Americans at the time and who were against his race. Jackie Robinson opened many peoples eyes and changed their views on other ethnicities, which had brought everyone closer together even through all the unpleasant reactions of others who weren’t as opened minded as others about an African American teaming up with white men.   Jackie stood his ground and when people would try t o put him down and discriminate him, this influenced many African Americans as well to stay strong and not let anyone treat them less than their worth, Jackie brought so much hope and enlightenment to the America that was dreadfully segregated. Jackie made it look very easy for him to brush off all the disrespectful comments and actions towards him and about his ethnicity which inspired many other African Americans to continue to fight for their rights. He had such an amazing effect on everyone at the time, it brought so many people together throughout the country, because of the fact that white men and a black man were coming together to team up as one. As seasons went by Jackie Robinson became so influential he had got innumerable people to follow in his steps of becoming united in this country no matter what ethnicity you might be. Jackie was such a strong person to even deal with a situation like this at the time, Jackie knew what he was getting himself into and he still decided to push through it and showed everyone the importance of being together especially through hard times of segregation. As he got more into his career as a professional MLB player he got more and more people to join the civil rights movement and they learned that treating people so crucial because of a skin color or race was very immoral. Slowly but surely Jackie was definitely showing people a different mindset than they were used to and many people looked up to him because of the strong and respectful choices he made for himself and for other African Americans who were fighting for their rights, this impact was so significant that even today many people ares still inspired by all his hard work he did and how he was able to make a big difference for America at the time and how it has affected America.                                                                                           AE Television Networks. â€Å"Jackie Robinson Biography.† Jan. 2018,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  www.biography.com/people/Jackie-Robinson-9460813    Gates, Henry. â€Å"Was Jackie Robinson Court Martialed?† 2013   pbs.org/wnet/african-americans-many-rivers-to-cross/history/was-jackie-robinson-court-martialed/. Maury Allen . Jackie Robinson. Eves Magazine. Web. 26 Jan. 2012. evesmag.com/robinson.htm Nack, William. â€Å"The Breakthrough† April 2015 https://www.si.com/mlb/2015/04/15/jackie-robinson-day-william-nack-si-vault. Obias, Rudie. â€Å"42 facts about Jackie Robinson.† April 2018, http://mentalfloss.com/article/50059/42-facts-about-jackie-robinson

The Middle Ground Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Middle Ground - Assignment Example One plans to propose a resolution to the conflict, even in theoretical means, as disputing parties, particularly China, signify a selfish approach by indicating suggested resolution from the international organization that is assigned to resolve territorial disputes using the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS). In this regard, one hopes that the reader would understand the arguments posed by each party and decide for themselves, other alternative courses of action that would assist in resolving the dispute. 2) What did you learn from completing this assignment? Did you experience a new understanding of the topic? Did you change your perspective after completing the research? One learned that there are some issues or controversies that are not simple and that would require some form of third party mediation to resolve. However, in this case, it is more complex since China explicitly indicated refusal to accept third party resolutions to the dilemma. As a result, one definitely experienced greater depth in understanding the topic and enabled one to gain increased appreciation for conflict negotiations or resolving issues using middle ground concepts. 3) What difficulties did you encounter during the research, writing, or editing phases of the assignment? The difficulties encountered during the process were trying to locate authoritative information on the topic being researched and to find a balanced discourse that would present both sides of the arguments. There were also some challenges in trying to fit the arguments into the specified word count and therefore observe quality in writing. Finally, there was extreme difficulty in proposing a middle ground solution because of China’s stance on the issue. 4) What did you enjoy about this assignment? The assignment proved to be very enlightening and informative in terms of the knowledge gained from the research. One learned to use skills in research, writing and editing to ensure that the f inal structure would comply with the needed requirements. Therefore, the assignment was an opportunity for both personal and professional growth. 5) What made you decide to write about this particular topic? Is this a topic that you are discussing in another course? Is this a topic that concerns you in particular? The topic was decided on due to its current nature and the controversial issues that emerged. Likewise, one could note that since this is a territorial dispute between China and the Philippines, one might conclude that other countries are not, in any way, affected by the issues. However, one believes that its immediate resolution would benefit, not only these countries, but others who trade and inter-relate with them in any way. 6) Is there anything else you would like for me to know before reading your essay? None anymore, except that this middle ground essay is an effective way of enhancing skills in both thinking (analytical) and writing and is therefore a rewarding end eavor. The Middle Ground Essay Introduction and Claim The topic to be discussed, evaluated and expounded on is the current maritime and territorial dispute over Scarborough Shoal by two countries: China and the Philippines. According to the website Disputed Territories, â€Å"the Philippines controls and runs this group, but China (People's Republic of China) lays claim to it, as part of its Paracels, Spratlys, and Zhongsha Islands Authority, and Taiwan (Republic of China) expresses sovereignty too, in the context of being the 'true ruler of China'† (Disputed Territories par. 1). As disclosed by BBC News Asia, â€Å"China's claim includes almost the entire South China Sea, well into what the UN Convention on the Law

Letter to the editor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Letter to the editor - Essay Example A leader should use synergy to relate to staff. Synergy is created by promoting self-management in the team. The team members should not be pushed to work but, instead they should have a collective responsibility. They should work under minimal supervisions and instructions. Each member should be committed to work without crossing each other’s path. They should learn to coexist with others and work together. The synergy enhances collective responsibility and this enables the team members to work in harmony. It also ensures everybody gets included in the decision making process of the team. The employees should be encouraged to share and offer advice to each other. Team members ought to be encouraged to try and experiment new ideas will help in the innovativeness of the team. The leader should create platforms for accountability and responsibility to ensure every team member has a role to play as this will minimize conflicts. A team leader should ensure there is communication in the team to avoid conflicts. He should offer supportive and open environment for free sharing of ideas and information. This can be ensured by convening frequent meetings and encouraging every member to be open. Every member should communicate and share the challenges he faces in their respective duties. The leader should find time with the individual team members, so that he gets informed on the challenges in the team. The leader should encourage collective responsibility in problem solving. This will encourage members to be united irrespective of their culture differences. Communication is a key factor to success as it enables the effective linking and coordination among the team members. When the members get well coordinated the team is rigid and purpose driven. It will also enhance respectful relations among the team members and reduce the level of conflicts in the organization. To manage conflicts a leader has to assign